Cylinder for double-acting engines



A ri13i ;2 ;1927. 843

'r. 0. BOWES CYLINDER FOR DOUBLE ACTING ENGINES Filed April 22, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG/.1. FICi 2/, 16

lrwemion April 26, 1927.

- T. D. BOWES cumnma FOR DOUBLE ACTING saunas Filed April 22, ,1925

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I; illllrflIl/ltrI II l I r U\ 5 Jttvrney April I 26,1927.

T. D. BOWES CYLINDER FOR DOUBLE ACTING ENGINES 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 22, 1925 Fla. 1o.

FIG/.8.

Patented Apr. 26, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIQE.

THOMS DAVID IBQVILES, OF CYNWYLD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB, IBY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 0F OllE-THIRD T0 HUBERT C. VEEHEY AND ONE-THIRD T0 L. C. COPE, BOTH OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CYLINDER FOR DOUBLE-ACTING ENGINES.

Application filed April 22, 1925.

My invention relates to improvements in engine cylinders, particularly adapted for double acting internal combustion engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a cylinder having the cylinder liner made in sections with expansion joints formed between said sections and to position the on pansion joints obliquely in relation to the axis of the cylinder so that the plane of said joints will not coincide with the plane of the piston rings, thus insuring the free sliding of the rings over the joints between said sections; a further object of my invention is to provide novel means "for slidably mounting the liner sections in the cylinder casing midway between the working ends of the liner sections, whereby the inner ends of said sections may expand and contract longitudinally due to changes in temperature, and thus prevent the liner from cracking; and a still further object of the invention is is to make various novel improvements in the construction and arrangement of the parts, which will be more fully hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawing; Fig. 1 is a central vertical sectional view of cylinder showing the cylinder heads and piston in elevation; Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, taken on line 22 Fig.1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 3-3 Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4l4l Fig.1; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a cylinder, showing the central liner section slidably mounted in the exhaust belt :t'ormed upon the casing; Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 6-6 Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a cylinder showing a liner made in two sections, one section being slidably mounted in an exhaust belt formed upon the casing; Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a cylinder showing an exhaust belt formed upon a liner section and slidably mounted in the casing; Fig. 9 is a horizontal section-on line 9--9 Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of cylinder having a liner formed in two sections adapted for four cycle engine.

In the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts, 1 represents a cylinder for a double acting engine. Figs. 1 to l, inclusive, illustrate one form of my invention, in which 3, l and 5 Serial No. 24,965.

represent the sections of the liner, arranged in longitudinal alignment, and forming a cylinder chamber, in which the piston 7, having rings 8. is slidably mounted.

A. casing 9 embraces the liner sections 3, l. and 5 and forms a jacket, or cooling agent chamber 10, surrounding said liner sections.

The central, section st is preferably iormed integral with the casing 9. The working ends of the liner sections 3 and 5 are provided with flanges 12 which restagainst the flanges 13 of the casing. The cylinder heads 14 and 15 are provided for closing the working end of the and liner sections. Bolts 16 engage said heads and the casing flanges 13 and rigidly clamp the flange 12 of the liner sections against the casing flanges 13.

The inner ends of the end liner sections 3 and 5 and both ends of the central section are formed on planes extending obliquely in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. The planes in which the piston rings are positioned are at right angles to the length of the cylinder, therefore the planes of the joints l8 and 19, formed between the liner sections, and the planes of the rings do not coincide, thus insuring the tree slidin of the rin s over said 'oints formed between the liner sections.

The central liner section l is provided with flanges 20 and 21 which embrace the inner ends of the liner sections 3 and 5. The cylindrical "facingsurfaces 22 on the flanges 20 and 21, and the cylindrical facing surfaces 23, :lormcd upon the inner ends of the sections 3 and 5 provide telescoping connections which permitthe sections to yield longitudinally and still be sutliciently tight to prevent any leakage between the cylinder chamber and the cooling agent chamber 10. The cen tral liner section -l-. is provided with exhaust ports 26, which communicate with the outlet 27. formed by the exhaust belt 28. which in this instance is made integral with the cars the great changes in temperature, thus over.;

coming the cracking of the liner, or the easing, due to uneven expansion and contraction. By positioning the olnts 18 and 19 between said liner sections in a plane extending at aditlerent angle from the plane of the piston rings 8, the latter will :treely pass over said joints.

The form of cylinder illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 embodies three separate liner sections, constructed as above described, with the obliquely positioned expansion joints 18 and 19 formed between the same. The central liner section t is made separately from the casing 9 Cylindrical facing surfaces 35 are provided upon the central portion of the liner section i, located above and below the exhaust ports 26. The casing is provided with an exhaust belt formed by the wall 36, with which said exhaust ports 26 communicate. Guides 37 are provided upon the easing which are adapted to embrace said facing surfaces 35 of the liner section 4 and permit the latter to yield longitudinally due to expansion and contraction caused by changes in temperature.

Fig. 7 illustrates a form of my invention in which one end section 3" of the cylinder liner is extended beyond the central portion of the casing and provided with the exhaust openings 26 and a cylindrical facing surface 40, which surface 40 is guided in the exhaust belt ail formed upon the casing. The cylinder liner is thus formed of two sections having an obliquely positioned expansion joint 19 formed between the same, providing means for expansion and contraction between the liner sections, and the longer section 3 is thus yieldingly guided at the exhaust belt of the casin Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a form of cylinder having the exhaust belt 45 formed integral with the liner section 4t. Said belt 45 is slidable longitudinally in relation to the cylinder, upon the ribs 46 formed within the casing. The liner sections are provided with the obliquely positioned expansion joints 18 and 19 as above described.

Fig. 10 illustrates a cylinder comprising a liner consisting of two sections 3 and 5, having an expansion joint 18 formed between their adjacent ends, and the casing 48 is provided with guide ribs -19 adapted for yieldingly holding the liner sections in longitudinal alignment, and pcrlnittingthe sections to yield longitudinally. This form of cylinder illustrated in 10 is adapted for a four cycle type of engine in which the exhaust ports (not shown in the drawings) are located in the cylinder heads.

Cylinders and cylinder liners embodying the novel features of my invention are adapt ed to withstand the strains caused by great changes of temperature, without cracking, and the expansion joints between the cylinder liner sections being arranged obliquely in relation to the plane of the piston rings insure the tree movement of the latter.

I claim:

1. A double acting engine cylinder comprising a casing, a liner having its vorking ends secured in said casing, said liner comprising separate sections having an expansion joint formed between said sections and said joint 'iositioncd on a plane extend ing obliquely in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

In a double acting engine having a cvlinder casing, a liner within said casino. cylinder heads, a piston within the liner, piston rings positioned upon the piston in a plane extending at right angles to the length of the liner, said liner comprising separate sections having an expansion joint formed be tween the adjacent ends of said sections, and said liner sections having the ends adjacent said expansion joint positioned in a plane extending obliquely in relation to the plane of said rings whereby the latter will freely slide over the said expansion joint.

3. A double acting engine comprising, a cylinder casing, a liner having its Working ends secured in said casing, a piston within the liner, piston rings upon the piston. said liner comprising separate sections having an expansion joint formed between the adjacent ends of said sections, said liner sections having the ends adjacent said expansion joint positioned in a plane extending obliquely in relation to the plane of said rings whereby the latter will freely slide over said joint, and an annular flange formed upon the end of one of said sections adapted to overlap the end of the adjacent section of said liner and hold said sections in longitudinal alignment.

4. A double acting engine cylinder comprising, a casing, a liner having its working ends secured in said casing, said liner comprising separate sections having an expansion joint formed between said sections positioned on a plane extending obliquely in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, and a guide formed upon the central portion of. the casing in which one of said liner sections is slidably mounted.

5. A double acting engine cylinder comprising, a casing, a liner having its Working ends secured in said casing, said liner comprising separate sections having an expansion joint formed between said sections positioned on a plane extending obliquely in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, one of said liner sections having exhaust ports formed through the wall thereof, said casing having a centrally located exhaust outlet formed therein adapted to register with said exhaust ports of the liner section, a circular facing surface upon said liner section, and a guide formed upon the casing adjacent to said exhaust outlet adapted to embrace said facing surface of the liner section and permit the latter to move axially.

6. A double acting engine cylinder eoin- 'irising; a casing having an exhaust outlet formed therein, located midway between the ends thereof, a liner comprising separate sections having their working ends secured in the ends of the casin one of said liner Pa) sect-ions having an exhaust port formed therein adapted to register with said exhaust outlet of the casing, a guide formed upon the casing adjacent to said exhaust outlet adapted to embrace the liner section having said exhaust port formed therein, and said liner sections having an expansion joint formed between the adjacent ends thereof positioned in a plane extending obliquely in relation to the axis of the cylinder.

7. A double acting engine cylinder c01nprising, end liner sections, a central liner section positioned between and in alignment with said end sections, a casing; upon which said central section is mounted, said end sections and said central section having expansion joints formed between the same adapted to permit longitudinal expansion of said sections, and said sections having the ends thereof adjacent to said joints positioned on planes extending obliquely in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

THOMAS D. BOVVES. 

